1. Power & Electrical System

• Voltage Range: 110V – 240V AC / 24V DC
• Power Distribution Network (PDN) Design: Optimized for minimal losses and stable power delivery
• Power Backup: Integration with UPS, battery systems, and renewable energy sources

2. Communication & Connectivity

• Wireless Technologies: Wi-Fi (802.11), Bluetooth, Zigbee, Z-Wave, LoRa, NB-IoT
• Wired Interfaces: RS-485, Modbus, CAN, Ethernet, BACnet, KNX
• Cloud & Edge Computing: Secure IoT gateway integration for remote monitoring and control

3. Sensor & Detector Integration

• Motion & Occupancy Sensors: PIR, ultrasonic, and radar-based detection
• Environmental Sensors: Temperature, humidity, CO2, VOC, and air quality monitoring
• Security Detectors: Smoke, gas leakage, water leakage, and glass-break sensors

4. PCB & Hardware Design

• Multi-board PCB Design: Modular and stackable architecture for scalability
• IC Selection: Low-power microcontrollers (ARM Cortex-M, ESP32, STM32) and ASIC integration
• 3D-Optimized Layout: Mechanical and electronic component alignment for compact enclosures

5. Automation & Control

• Control Protocols: MQTT, Modbus-TCP/IP, BACnet/IP
• Smart Actuators: Motorized valves, relays, servo motors, and dimmers
• AI & Machine Learning: Predictive energy management and adaptive automation

6. User Interface & Software

• Mobile & Web Dashboard: Real-time data visualization, control, and automation settings
• Voice Control Compatibility: Integration with Google Assistant, Alexa, Siri
• Security Features: End-to-end encryption, multi-factor authentication, role-based access

7. Compliance & Certifications

• Safety Standards: UL, CE, FCC, RoHS, ISO 50001 (Energy Management)
• Cybersecurity Standards: IEC 62443, GDPR-compliant data handling
• Interoperability: Compliance with industry-standard automation protocols